Ifumbireni inzira itesha agaciro kandi igahindura imyanda kama binyuze mumikorere ya mikorobe kugirango itange umusaruro ukwiranye nubutaka.
Uwitekainzira ya fermentationni irindi zina ryo gufumbira.Imyanda kama igomba guhora igogorwa, igahinduka, igahinduka ifumbire mvaruganda ikoresheje mikorobe mugihe habaye amazi ahagije, igipimo cya karubone-azote, hamwe na ogisijeni yibanze.Nyuma yuburyo bwiza bwo gufumbira ifumbire mvaruganda, imyanda kama kama ihagaze neza, umunuko urashize, kandi mubyukuri ntabwo irimo bagiteri zitera indwara zitera nimbuto zibyatsi.Irashobora gukoreshwa nkubutaka bwiza nifumbire mvaruganda mubutaka.
Nkigisubizo, kubyara no kubungabunga ibidukikije bifasha iterambere rya mikorobe nikintu gikomeye cyo kwemeza ubuziranenge bwifumbire.Igikorwa cyibanze kugirango ugere kuriyi ntego ni ugutunganya hakiri kare umutungo kamere.Intambwe zikurikira zigira uruhare mubikorwa byambere byo gutunganya ifumbire mvaruganda:
1. Kugenzura ibikoresho bibisi: Umwanda nibihumanya bidashobora gufumbirwa bivanwa mubikoresho fatizo.Kurugero, ibyuma, amabuye, ikirahure, plastike, nibindi.
2. Kumenagura: Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe binini bigoye kumeneka, nkibiryo byasigaye, ibimera, ikarito, imyanda ya agglomerated, hamwe n imyanda yabantu, bigomba guhonyorwa.Pulverisation ikoreshwa mukuzamura ubuso bwibikoresho fatizo, guteza imbere kwangirika kwa mikorobe, no kunoza uburinganire bwibintu bivangwa.
3. Guhindura ubuhehere: Kugirango ugenzure amazi arimo ifumbire mvaruganda, hahindurwa ubuhehere kubikoresho fatizo byihariye, nk'ifumbire y’inyamaswa, bifite amazi menshi cyane cyangwa make.Mubisanzwe, ibikoresho bibisi bitose bigomba kwumishwa, cyangwa ibirimo ubuhehere bigomba kwiyongera wongeyeho amazi akwiye.
4. Kuvanga: Mu kigero runaka, komatanya ibikoresho fatizo byakorewe igenzura, kumenagura, guhindura ubushuhe, nubundi buryo bwo gutunganya.Intego yo kuvanga ni ukubungabunga ubuzima bwizaigipimo cya karubone-kuri azote, cyangwa C / N igipimo, muri fumbire.Kugira ngo dushishikarize iterambere no kubyara mikorobe, igipimo cyiza cya C / N kigomba kuva kuri 25: 1 kugeza 30: 1.
5. Ifumbire: Shyira ibikoresho bibisi byateguwe kugirango bishoboke.Kugirango ugumane ifumbire mvaruganda nubushuhe bwiza kandi ushishikarize gusenya mikorobe, ifumbire igomba guhindurwa no guhumeka buri gihe mugihe cyo guteranya.
Gutunganya bwa mbere ibikoresho byinganda zifumbire mvaruganda birashobora kwongerwaho uburyo bukurikira bwo kuvura hiyongereyeho ibyiciro byibanze byibanze - gusuzuma ibikoresho, kumenagura, guhindura ubushuhe, kubohereza, no gufumbira:
Kurandura ibikoresho fatizo: Ibikoresho bito bigomba kwanduzwa kubera ko bishobora kuba birimo mikorobe zangiza, amagi y’imbuto, imbuto z’ibyatsi, n’ibindi.
Kuvura umutekano: Kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduza ibidukikije, imyanda imwe n'imwe y’inganda, imyanda, nibindi, bigomba guhagarara neza kuko birimo ibintu byangiza nkibintu kama n’ibyuma biremereye.Pyrolysis, igogorwa rya anaerobic, kuvura redox, nubundi buryo bukoreshwa kenshi mukuvura stabilisation.
Gutunganya bivanze: Ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho fatizo birashobora kuvangwa no kuvurwa kugirango byongere ubwiza nintungamubiri ziva mu ifumbire mvaruganda.Kurugero, ibinyabuzima bigize ifumbire mvaruganda hamwe nimirire itandukanye irashobora kwiyongera muguhuza imyanda ikomeye mumijyi hamwe n imyanda yo murima.
Kuvura inyongeramusaruro: Imiti imwe n'imwe irashobora kongerwamo ifumbire mvaruganda kugirango yongere mikorobe, ihindure urwego rwa pH, kongera intungamubiri, nibindi, kugirango ubuziranenge nibiranga ifumbire.Kurugero, kongeramo ibiti birashobora kunoza ifumbire nubushobozi bwo kugumana amazi.Ongeramo lime irashobora kuringaniza ifumbire mvaruganda ya pH kandi igatera imbaraga zo gukura kwa mikorobe.Urashobora kandi kongeramo bacteri zo mu kirere cyangwa anaerobic kuri fumbire kugirango wihute fermentation hamwe niterambere ryibimera byimbere.
Twakagombye gushimangira ko hari ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho byo gutangiza ifumbire mvaruganda, kandi ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutangiza bisaba tekiniki zitandukanye zo gutunganya icyiciro cya mbere.Kugira ngo ifumbire mvaruganda n’umutekano w’ibidukikije, ibikoresho fatizo bigomba gusuzumwa no gusuzumwa mbere yo gutunganya ibanze.Amahitamo menshi yo kuvura agomba guhitamo ibihe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-24-2023