Ifumbire mvaruganda ni tekinike ya cycle ikubiyemo gusenya no gusembura ibice bitandukanye byimboga, nkimyanda yimboga, mubusitani bwimboga.Ndetse amashami namababi yaguye arashobora gusubizwa mubutaka hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo gufumbira.Ifumbire mvaruganda ikomoka ku bisigazwa by'ibiribwa isigaye ntishobora kongera imikurire vuba nkuko ifumbire y'ubucuruzi ibikora.Nibyiza gukoreshwa nkuburyo bwo kuzamura ubutaka, buhoro buhoro butera uburumbuke mugihe.Ifumbire ntigomba gutekerezwa nkuburyo bwo guta imyanda yo mu gikoni;ahubwo, bigomba gutekerezwa nkuburyo bwo kurera mikorobe yubutaka.
1. Koresha neza amababi asigaye hamwe n imyanda yo mugikoni kugirango ukore ifumbire
Kugirango woroshye gusembura no kubora, kata ibiti byimboga, ibiti, nibindi bikoresho mo uduce duto, hanyuma ukuremo hanyuma ubishyire mu ifumbire.Ndetse amagufwa y amafi arashobora kubora neza mugihe ufite inzu yuzuye ifumbire mvaruganda murugo.Iyo wongeyeho amababi yicyayi cyangwa ibyatsi, urashobora kurinda ifumbire kubora no gusohora impumuro mbi.Ntabwo ari ngombwa gufumbira amagi cyangwa amagufwa yinyoni.Bashobora guhonyora mbere kugirango bafashe kubora no gusembura mbere yo gushyingurwa mu butaka.
Byongeye kandi, paste miso hamwe na soya ya soya irimo umunyu, mikorobe yubutaka ntishobora kwihanganira, ntukabone ifumbire isigaye ibiryo bitetse.Ni ngombwa kandi gutsimbataza ingeso yo kutigera usiga ibiryo bisigaye mbere yo gukoresha ifumbire.
2. Ibyingenzi bya karubone, azote, mikorobe, amazi, numwuka
Ifumbire isaba ibikoresho kama birimo karubone hamwe n umwanya urimo amazi numwuka.Muri ubu buryo, molekile ya karubone, cyangwa isukari, ikorwa mu butaka, bushobora koroshya ikwirakwizwa rya bagiteri.
Binyuze mu mizi yabyo, ibimera bifata azote mu butaka na gaze karuboni ikomoka mu kirere.Noneho, barema poroteyine zigize selile zihuza karubone na azote.
Rhizobia na algae yubururu-icyatsi, urugero, kora muri symbiose hamwe nimizi yibimera kugirango ukosore azote.Microorganismes muri fumbire isenya poroteyine muri azote, ibimera byakira binyuze mu mizi yabyo.
Ibinyabuzima bigomba kurya garama 5 za azote kuri garama 100 za karubone zangirika ziva mu binyabuzima.Ibi bivuze ko igipimo cya karubone-kuri azote mugihe cyo kubora ari 20 kugeza 1.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyo karubone yubutaka irenze inshuro 20 ibirimo azote, mikorobe irayikoresha burundu.Niba igipimo cya karuboni na azote kiri munsi ya 19, azote izaguma mu butaka kandi ntishobora kugera kuri mikorobe.
Guhindura amazi mu kirere birashobora gushishikariza bagiteri zo mu kirere gukura, kumenagura poroteyine mu ifumbire mvaruganda, no kurekura azote na karubone mu butaka, bishobora noneho gufatwa n’ibimera binyuze mu mizi yabyo niba ubutaka bufite karuboni nyinshi.
Ifumbire irashobora gukorwa muguhindura ibintu kama muri azote ibimera bishobora kwinjizwa no kumenya imiterere ya karubone na azote, guhitamo ibikoresho by ifumbire, no gucunga igipimo cya karubone na azote mu butaka.
3. Kangura ifumbire mu rugero, kandi witondere ingaruka zubushyuhe, ubushuhe, na actinomycetes
Niba ibikoresho byo gufumbira bifite amazi menshi, biroroshye gutera poroteyine kumera neza no kunuka nabi.Nubwo bimeze bityo, niba hari amazi make cyane, bizanagira ingaruka kumikorere ya mikorobe.Niba idasohora amazi mugihe uyinyujije mukiganza, ubuhehere bufatwa nkibikwiye, ariko niba ukoresheje agasanduku k'impapuro zometseho ifumbire mvaruganda, nibyiza kuba byumye gato.
Indwara ya bagiteri ikora ifumbire mvaruganda ahanini ni aerobic, bityo rero birakenewe ko uhora uvanga ifumbire kugirango umwuka winjire kandi wihute umuvuduko wo kubora.Ariko rero, ntukavange kenshi, bitabaye ibyo bizatera imbaraga za bagiteri zo mu kirere no kurekura azote mu kirere cyangwa mu mazi.Kubwibyo, gushyira mu gaciro ni urufunguzo.
Ubushyuhe buri imbere muri fumbire bugomba kuba hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 20-40, aribwo bukwiriye gukora ibikorwa bya bagiteri.Iyo irenze dogere 65, mikorobe zose zihagarika gukora hanyuma zipfa buhoro buhoro.
Actinomycetes ni koloni ya bacteri yera ikorwa mumyanda yamababi cyangwa kubora ibiti byaguye.Mu gasanduku k'impapuro zifumbire ifumbire mvaruganda cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda, actinomycetes ni ubwoko bwingenzi bwa bagiteri zitera kwangirika kwa mikorobe no gusembura ifumbire.Mugihe utangiye gukora ifumbire, nibyiza gushakisha actinomycetes mumyanda yamababi no kubora ibiti byaguye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-18-2022