Ifumbire ni iki kandi ikorwa ite？

Ifumbire ni ubwoko bumweifumbire mvaruganda, irimo intungamubiri zikungahaye, kandi ifite ifumbire ndende kandi ihamye.Hagati aho, iteza imbere imiterere yubutaka bukomeye, kandi byongera ubushobozi bwubutaka bwo kugumana amazi, ubushyuhe, umwuka, nifumbire.Ikindi kandi, ifumbire irashobora kuvangwa naifumbire mvarugandagutanga ibitagenda neza ku ntungamubiri imwe ikubiye mu ifumbire mvaruganda, byakomera ubutaka kandi bikagabanya imikorere y’amazi n’ifumbire mvaruganda hakoreshejwe igihe kirekire.Kubwibyo, mumateka, ifumbire yamye ihabwa agaciro ninganda zo gutera.

1.Nigute ushobora gukora ifumbire?

Muri rusange, ifumbire mvaruganda ikozwe mubisigazwa bitandukanye byinyamanswa n’ibimera (nk'ibyatsi by’ibihingwa, ibyatsi bibi, amababi, umutaka, imyanda, n’indi myanda, nibindi) nkibikoresho fatizo byingenzi byasembuwe kandi byangirika mubihe byubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe. Kuberako ibikoresho byo gufumbira hamwe namahame, hamwe nibigize hamwe nibigize ifumbire mvaruganda bisa nifumbire, bityo nanone yitwa ifumbire mvaruganda.

Ifumbire ifite amateka maremare cyane, kandi uburyo bwibanze bwo kubyaza umusaruro bugizwe nintambwe zikurikira:

1.Gukusanya ibikoresho bibisi: gukusanya imyanda yo gutera (nk'ibyatsi, imizabibu, urumamfu, amababi yaguye y'ibiti), umusaruro cyangwa imyanda yo mu rugo (nk'icyondo cy'icyuzi, gutondagura imyanda, n'ibindi), hamwe no gusohora mu bworozi bw'amafi (Urugero, ifumbire y’amatungo, koza amazi mabi, nibindi) barateranya bagakoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byo gufumbira;

2. Gutunganya ibikoresho bibisi: kumenagura neza ibihingwa, ibiti, amashami, nibindi, hanyuma ubijanjagure muburebure bwa santimetero 3 kugeza kuri 5.

3. Kuvanga ibikoresho fatizo: Ibikoresho byose bibisi bivanze neza, kandi abantu bamwe bazongeramo calcium ikwiye ya calcium cyanamide kugirango bateze fermentation.

4. Ifumbire mvaruganda na fermentation: Gipfundikirwa na matela yamenetse, imyenda, ibyatsi cyangwa imyenda ya pulasitike kugirango wirinde gutakaza ifumbire, hanyuma ugashyirwa mu ifumbire mvaruganda byaba byiza.Niba nta fumbire ihari, ifumbire mvaruganda nayo irashobora guhitamo, ariko hagomba gutoranywa ahantu hakwiye kugirango hatabaho gutakaza ifumbire kubera izuba, imvura n umuyaga.

5. Guhindura ifumbire mvaruganda: Kugirango tumenye neza ko ifumbire mvaruganda iringaniye kandi ikangirika imbere no hanze, ifumbire igomba guhindurwa buri byumweru 3 ~ 4.Nyuma y'amezi agera kuri 3, urashobora gutangira kuyakoresha.

2.Ni gute ushobora gukora ifumbire mvaruganda neza?

Ifumbire irashobora kugabanywamo uburyo bubiri: ifumbire isanzwe hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Iyambere yazanwe n'ubushyuhe bwa fermentation, naho iyindi ifite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ya fermentation.

Ifumbire isanzwe nuburyo bwo gufumbira bwakoreshejwe ninganda zatewe imyaka ibihumbi.Twita "uburyo bwa fumbire gakondo".Muri ubu buryo, bukoresha kuvanga byoroshye, gutondeka ibihimbano, hamwe na fermentation naturel, birashobora kandi kwitwa "ifumbire mvaruganda".Inzira yose yatwara igihe kirekire, hamwe numunuko mwinshi mugihe cya fermentation, no gutakaza intungamubiri zikomeye.Ubu rero ntabwo aribwo buryo bugezweho bwo gufumbira twubahiriza ubu.

Ikirundo cy'ifumbire kuri iyi shusho ntigisanzwe, cyegereye umurima cyangwa umurima hamwe n'umwanya muto ufunguye, ukurura ifumbire, ibyatsi, nibindi hamwe no guhuriza hamwe ahantu hamwe.Ahandi hantu, bigomba gutondekwa amezi menshi mbere yo gukoresha.

Kugirango ifumbire mvaruganda irenze urugero, ferment irasabwa muri rusange.Ubushuhe bwo hejuru bwubushuhe bwibikoresho bivanze butera fermentation yihuse no gukura kwa substrate ya fermentation, kandi mugihe kimwe, irashobora kwica mikorobe zimbere, amagi yudukoko hamwe nicyatsi. imbuto .Ubu nuburyo bwiza bwo gukora ifumbire nonaha, kandi nigice cyasobanuwe muburyo burambuye kuriyi ngingo.

Nkuguhitamo ibikoresho, hariho uburyo bubiri bwo gufumbira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru: uburyo bwo gutobora igice cya kabiri hamwe nuburyo bwo guteranya ubutaka.

Uburyo bwa kimwe cya kabiri cyo gutondekanya ubu bwahinduwe ikigega cya fermentation nyuma y’umusaruro w’uruganda, ibyo bikaba bifasha gukora imashini kandi bikanoza imikorere.

Uburyo bwo gutondekanya ubutaka busaba kandi ubufatanye bwibikoresho bitandukanye by ifumbire mvaruganda kugirango umusaruro ube mwiza.

Urashobora kumenya ko ifumbire mvaruganda igezweho itandukanye nuburyo gakondo:

Imbonerahamwe ikurikira yo kugereranya irerekana itandukaniro ryimbitse:

Ibyavuzwe haruguru ni igereranya ryoroheje riranga “ifumbire mvaruganda” yakozwe nuburyo bubiri, ariko ntabwo yuzuye.Ariko turashobora kubona itandukaniro.Birumvikana ko ari wowe ugomba guhitamo inzira nziza.

Turashobora kandi gusanga kumeza ko ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa muri fermentation ahanini ari bimwe.

Ingingo ni uko mugikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro, uburyo bwo kwegeranya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwateye imbere cyane.Hashobora kubaho byinshi byo guhuza ibikoresho fatizo kama ifumbire mvaruganda: urugero, ifumbire y amatungo, ibikoresho bya gaze, nibisigazwa byibiryo bivangwa kandi bigashyirwa hamwe;ibihingwa, ifumbire y'icyatsi, ibyatsi n'ibindi bimera bivangwa n'ubutaka, umwanda w'abantu, imyanda, n'ibindi….…

Gushyira hamwe ibisabwa: Kuvanga ubwoko bwose bwibikoresho fatizo uko bishoboka kose;uburebure bwa fumbire yumuyaga ni cm 80-100;ubuhehere buri munsi ya 35% kandi ntiburenga 60%;gumana umwuka mwiza.

Ihame shingiro: Koresha bagiteri zo mu kirere kugirango fermentation ikorwe neza, wangize vuba ibintu bitandukanye kama kama, ukore intungamubiri ntoya ya molekile na humus, kandi utange mikorobe zitandukanye za mikorobe icyarimwe, zifasha gutera intungamubiri zintungamubiri, kurinda imizi no kuzamura ubutaka. .

Incamake y'ibikorwa: kwerekana (guhonyora) -vanga-fermentation (guhindura ikirundo) -ubukure- (modulation) -ibicuruzwa byarangiye.Ugereranije nibindi bikorwa byo gukora, iyi nzira iroroshye cyane.Ingingo ya tekinike yibanze ni "fermentation (guhindura ikirundo)".

Ifumbire mvaruganda ifitanye isano rya bugufi na bagiteri ya fermentation, ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, igihe, ubwoko, ingano, nigihe cyo guhinduranya insimburangingo.

Twabonye ibibazo cyangwa kutumvikana mubikorwa nyabyo byimbuga nyinshi za fermentation, kandi tuzahitamo ingingo zingenzi kugirango dusangire nawe:

• Umukozi wa fermentation: Ntabwo mugihe cyose fermentation ishobora kubyara ubushyuhe bwinshi ni "agent fermentation nziza".Umuti mwiza wa fermentation ukoresha gusa imbuto ya bagiteri yoroshye cyane, kandi mubyukuri ubwoko 1 cyangwa 2 gusa bwa bagiteri ya fermentation ikora.Nubwo ishobora kubyara ingaruka zubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ifite ubushobozi buke mukubora no gukura kwizindi ngingo, kandi ifumbire mvaruganda ntabwo ari nziza.Kubwibyo, iburyo bwa fermentation nuburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo!

• Ibikoresho bitoboye: Bitewe n'amasoko atandukanye y'ibikoresho fatizo bya fermentation, birashobora kuba birimo amabuye, ibyuma, ibirahuri, plastiki nibindi byizuba.Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo gushungura bugomba gutambuka mbere yo gutanga ifumbire.inzira yo gushungura igomba kuba nkenerwa kugirango wirinde gukomeretsa no kwangirika kw ibikoresho, hamwe nibicuruzwa byiza.Mubikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro, inganda nyinshi zitanga umusaruro "zitekereza ko ari ibibazo", hanyuma zigahagarika iki gikorwa, hanyuma amaherezo zigatakaza.
• Ubushuhe busabwa: ntiburi munsi ya 40%, cyangwa ntiburenga 60% .Kuko ubuhehere buri hejuru ya 60%, ntabwo bifasha kubaho no kubyara za bagiteri zo mu kirere.Ababikora benshi ntibita cyane kugenzura amazi, biganisha ku kunanirwa kwa fermentation.

• Ifumbire mvaruganda ifumbire mvaruganda: Abaproducers benshi ntibakora umuyaga mugihe umuyaga wa fermentation ugeze kuri 50-60 ℃ mugihe cyo gusembura.Byongeye kandi, "abatekinisiye" benshi bayobora abakiriya babo bavuga ko "muri rusange, fermentation igomba kuba hejuru ya 56 ℃ muminsi 5-6, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 50-60 ℃ muminsi 10 bizaba bihagije."

Mubyukuri, hariho uburyo bwihuse mbere yo gusembura mugihe cya fermentation, kandi ubushyuhe buzakomeza kwiyongera vuba, akenshi burenga 65 ° C.Niba ifumbire idahinduwe muriki cyiciro, ifumbire mvaruganda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ntizakorwa.

Kubwibyo, iyo ubushyuhe bwifumbire bugera kuri 60 ℃, ifumbire igomba guhinduka.Mubisanzwe nyuma yamasaha 10, ubushyuhe bwifumbire buzongera kugera kuri ubu bushyuhe, noneho bugomba kongera guhindurwa.Nyuma yo kunyura inshuro 4 kugeza kuri 5, mugihe ubushyuhe mumashanyarazi ya fermentation buguma kuri 45-50 and, kandi ntibuzamuka.Muri iki gihe, ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora kongerwa buri minsi 5.

Ikigaragara ni uko bidakwiye gukoresha imbaraga zo gutunganya ifumbire mvaruganda.Ibi ntibisaba imbaraga nyinshi nigihe gusa, umusaruro wifumbire mvaruganda ntabwo ari nziza.Kubwibyo, tuzakoresha imashini yabugenewe yo gukora.

3.Uburyo bwo guhitamo aimashini ihindura ifumbire mvaruganda?

Hano hari ubwoko bwingenzi bwimashini zihindura ifumbire mvaruganda: ifumbire mvaruganda ifumbire mvaruganda.Umuyoboro w'ifumbire mvaruganda ukenera ibikoresho byihariye nibikoreshwa cyane, imiterere igoye hamwe nigiciro kinini cyo gukora. Usibye ko, kubera inyongeramusaruro idahagije, bizatera ingaruka mbi ya fermentation.

Yigengaifumbire mvarugandacyane cyane ifumbire mvaruganda ifumbire mvaruganda, kimwe mubintu byingenzi biranga ubwikorezi bwifumbire mvaruganda ni uko byateye imbere kuruta ubundi bwoko.

Imikorere yacyo irakomeye cyane, ariko gukoresha ingufu ni bike.Mu gihe, gukora, kubungabunga no kubungabunga biroroshye cyane kandi byoroshye, bishobora kuzigama amafaranga menshi nigihe.Bishingikiriza ku ruziga rwabo cyangwa inzira zabo kugira ngo banyure hejuru y’umuyaga uhagaze, hamwe na hydraulic cyangwa umukandara utwara imashini cyangwa imirima izunguruka hepfo ya fuselage kugirango bahindure ibirindiro.Nyuma yo guhindukira, hashyizweho umuyaga mushya, kandi uri mumiterere kandi irekuye, bigatuma habaho ikirere cyiza cyoguhindura ibikoresho, bifasha cyane kubyara no gusembura ifumbire mvaruganda.

Nkumushinga wuburambe wifumbire mvaruganda,TAGRMyatangije ifumbire mvaruganda ihenze cyane ukurikije ibiranga umusaruro w’ifumbire n’ibikenerwa n’abakiriya:M3600.Ifite moteri ya lisansi 128HP (95KW), inzira yicyuma itwikiriwe na rubber irinda.Ubugari bwakazi ni metero 3.4, naho uburebure bwakazi ni metero 1.36, irashobora gutunganya metero kibe 1250 za fumbire mvaruganda ku isaha, kandi ifite ibikoresho bya ubwoko butandukanye bwimitwe idasanzwe, ishobora kumenagura no gutunganya ifumbire yibikoresho bitandukanye, cyane cyane ubuhehere bwinshi, ifumbire mvaruganda nyinshi, isuka nibindi bikoresho fatizo.Nibyiza kuvanga byuzuye muri ogisijeni no kwihutisha ifumbire mvaruganda.Mubyongeyeho, cockpit yayo yigenga ifite umurima mwiza wo kureba hamwe nuburambe bwiza bwo gutwara.

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